Thursday, August 21, 2014

Nouns



First declension

The first declension (D1) occurs for all nouns ending with “a”. Regardless of gender, the nouns decline as following.

Singular
Plural
Nominative
a
ae
Genitive
ae
ar
Dative
ae
is
Accusative
am
äs
Ablative/Instrumental
ä
īs
Vocative
a
än

Second declension

The second declension (D2) is for all nouns ending with “r” and some nouns ending with “us”. The nouns decline as follows:

Singular
Plural
Nominative
us/r
i/en
Genitive
ī
or
Dative
ō
is
Accusative
um
ös
Ablative/Instrumental
ō
ön
Vocative
e/r
i/en

Third declension

The third declension (D3) is for all nouns ending with “um”. The nouns decline as follows:

Singular
Plural
Nominative
um
a
Genitive
ī
or
Dative
ō
is
Accusative
um
ös
Ablative/Instrumental
ō
ön
Vocative
um
a

Fourth declension

The fourth declension (D4) is for nouns with i-stems, i.e. ends with i+a letter. The masculine and neuter nouns decline as follows. (i+vowel is usually appended with n before adding the endings, whereas “-is” is removed).

Singular
Plural
Nominative
n/a
es
Genitive
is
um
Dative
i
ib
Accusative
em
es
Ablative/Instrumental
ēm
öb
Vocative
n/a
es
The feminine nouns decline in a similar way, as follows.

Singular
Plural
Nominative
n/a
ia
Genitive
is
um
Dative
i
ib
Accusative
em
es
Ablative/Instrumental
ēm
öb
Vocative
n/a
es

Fifth declension

The fifth declension (D5) is for remaining nouns ending with “us” that are not included in the D2. The masculine and neuter nouns decline as follows:

Singular
Plural
Nominative
us
ua
Genitive
ü
uum
Dative
ui
Accusative
um
üß
Ablative/Instrumental
üs
ün
Vocative
us
ua

Sixth declension

The sixth declension (D6) is for nouns ending with “e” or “es”. The nouns decline as follows.

Singular
Plural
Nominative
e/es
es
Genitive
ei
erß
Dative
ei
ebs
Accusative
em
es
Ablative/Instrumental
e
en
Vocative
e/es
es

Gerunds

Gerunds are a form of verb used like a noun. In Fleutespräch, it is the infinitive form (declined).

Singular
Nominative
en
Genitive
ens
Dative
enß
Accusative
em
Ablative/Instrumental
emß
Vocative
en
Alternatively, it is also possible to form a countable noun using stem+ung formula (e.g. das Arbeitung). These words decline like this:

Singular
Plural
Nominative
ung
ungen
Genitive
unes
unger
Dative
unge
ungß
Accusative
ungen
ing
Ablative/Instrumental
unge
ungß
Vocative
ung
ungen
The en and the ung terminations signify slightly different things. The en ending signifies the action itself, while the ung ending corresponds to something more concrete (e.g. das Edifizen and das Edifizung).

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